color-converter/color-converter.py

import math
import argparse

# Order of types must match order of arguments defined
# (or else arg validation will no longer work properly)
TYPES = ['hex', 'rgb', 'cmy', 'cmyk', 'hsl', 'hsv']
# look into LAB

HEX_LETTERS = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f']

OUTPUT = 'stdout'
APPEND = False


def main():

    # Set up arguments
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    
    
    parser.add_argument('-hex', action='store_true', help='output Hex')
    parser.add_argument('-rgb', action='store_true', help='output RGB')
    parser.add_argument('-cmy', action='store_true', help='output CMY')
    parser.add_argument('-cmyk', action='store_true', help='output CMYK')
    parser.add_argument('-hsl', action='store_true', help='output HSL')
    parser.add_argument('-hsv', action='store_true', help='output HSV')
    
    
    parser.add_argument('--input', '-i', help='name of the input file containing color codes to process')
    parser.add_argument('--output', '-o', help='the name of the file to store output in (will create file if doesn\'t exist, will OVERWRITE existing file\'s contents)')
    parser.add_argument('--append', '-a', help='if an output file is specified, the conversions will be appended to the file')
    
    '''
    parser.add_argument('-isHex', action='store_true', help='convert from hex (accepts hexadecimal input [ffffff] or string ["#ffffff"] (case insensitive, "#" is optional in string)')
    parser.add_argument('-isRgb', action='store_true', help='convert from RGB (accepts integer input [R G B], or string [\"rgb(R, G, B)\"] (case/whitespace insensitive)')
    parser.add_argument('-isCmy', action='store_true', help='convert from CMY (accepts integer input [C M Y], or string [\"cmy(C, M, Y)\"] (case/whitespace insensitive)')
    parser.add_argument('-isCmyk', action='store_true', help='convert from CMYK (accepts integer input [C M Y K], or string [\"cmyk(C, M, Y, K)\"] (case/whitespace insensitive)')
    parser.add_argument('-isHsl', action='store_true', help='convert from HSL (accepts integer input [H S L], or string [\"hsl(H, S, L)\"] (case/whitespace insensitive)')
    parser.add_argument('-isHsv', action='store_true', help='convert from HSV (accepts integer input [H S V], or string [\"hsv(H, S, V)\"] (case/whitespace insensitive)')
    '''
    

    parser.add_argument('color', nargs='*', help='accepts a color in Hex, RGB, CMY, CMYK, or HSL and performs format conversions (does not support CMYK profiles, conversions are uncalibrated)')
    args = parser.parse_args()


    # debug print
    print(args)
    print('#########')

    print(args.color)

    ''' ARGS PROCESSING, determine which conversions to perform '''
    outputFormats = []
    flagsActive = 0
    for flag in vars(args) :
        if flag in TYPES :
            flagsActive += 1
            outputFormats.append(flag)   
    # if no conversion flags specified, perform every format conversion
    if flagsActive == 0 :
        for formats in TYPES :
            outputFormats.append(format)
        
    # if file output is specified, set global vars for reference later
    if args.output :
        global OUTPUT
        OUTPUT = args.output
        if args.append :
            global APPEND 
            APPEND = True
            
    ''' GET COLORS '''
    colorCodes = []
    # if provided a file of values
    if args.input :
        with open(args.input, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file :
            for line in file :
                colorCodes.append(file.strip())
    else :
        colors = args.color    

    ''' PROCESS COLORS '''
    for color in colors :
        # Try to automatically handle value 
        if detectColorFormat(color, outputFormats) :
            continue

        # if we can't auto-detect the format, check args for guidance 
        elif args.isHex :
            handleHex(color, outputFormats)
        elif args.isRgb :
            handleRGB(color, outputFormats)
        elif args.isCmy :
            handleCMY(color, outputFormats)
        elif args.isCmyk :
            handleCMYK(color, outputFormats)
        elif args.isHsl :
            handleHSVorHSL(color, 'hsl', outputFormats)
        elif args.isHsv :
            handleHSVorHSL(color, 'hsv', outputFormats)


##
# COLOR HANDLERS
##
# takes in a map of color values and either prints their values to STDOUT or into a specified file
def printConversions(convertedValues) :
    # format converted values into better output strings
    output = []
    for colorFormat in TYPES :
        if convertedValues.get(colorFormat, None) is None :
            continue
        elif colorFormat == 'hex' :
            hexCode = '#' + convertedValues['hex']
            output.append(hexCode) 
        else :
            # format strings for xyz(a,b,c) type formats
            colorCode = colorFormat + '('
            numValues = len(convertedValues[colorFormat])
            for valueIndex in range(numValues) :
                value = convertedValues[colorFormat][valueIndex]
                if type(value) == float :
                    value = f"{value:.2f}"
                if valueIndex == numValues - 1 :
                    colorCode += str(value) + ')'
                else :
                    colorCode += str(value) + ', '
            output.append(colorCode)
    
    # determine how to deliver output
    if OUTPUT != 'stdout' :
        with open(OUTPUT, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file :
            for color in output :
                file.write(color + '\n')
    else :
        for color in output :
            print(color)

# Takes in valid RGB code and converts it to the other formats
def handleHex(color, outputFormats = TYPES) :
    hexCode = validateHex(color)
    if hexCode is None :
        return

    print('convert hex: ', hexCode, '\n')

    rgbValues = HEXtoRGB(hexCode)

    outputs = {}
    if 'rgb' in outputFormats :
        outputs['rgb']  = rgbValues
    if 'cmy' in outputFormats :
        outputs['cmy']  = RGBtoCMY(rgbValues)
    if 'cmyk' in outputFormats :
        outputs['cmyk'] = RGBtoCMYK(rgbValues)
    if 'hsl' in outputFormats :
        outputs['hsl']  = RGBtoHSVorHSL(rgbValues, 'hsl')
    if 'hsv' in outputFormats :
        outputs['hsv'] = RGBtoHSVorHSL(rgbValues, 'hsv')

    printConversions(outputs)


# Takes in valid RGB code and converts it to the other formats
def handleRGB(color, outputFormats = TYPES) :
    rgbValues = validateRGB(color)
    if rgbValues is None :
        return
        
    print('convert RGB: ', rgbValues, '\n')
    
    hexCode = RGBtoHEX(rgbValues)
    cmyValues = RGBtoCMY(rgbValues)
    cmykValues = RGBtoCMYK(rgbValues)
    hslValues = RGBtoHSVorHSL(rgbValues, 'hsl')
    hsvValues = RGBtoHSVorHSL(rgbValues, 'hsv')
    
    print('CMYK: ', cmykValues)
    print('Hex: ', hexCode)
    print('CMY: ', cmyValues)
    print('HSL: ', hslValues)
    print('HSV: ', hsvValues)

def handleCMY(color, outputFormats = TYPES) :
    cmyValues = validateCMYorCMYK(color, False) 
    if cmyValues is None :
        return

    print('convert CMY: ', cmyValues, '\n')

    rgbValues = CMYtoRGB(cmyValues)
    hexCode = RGBtoHEX(rgbValues)
    cmykValues = RGBtoCMYK(rgbValues)
    hslValues = RGBtoHSVorHSL(rgbValues, 'hsl')
    hsvValues = RGBtoHSVorHSL(rgbValues, 'hsv')

    print('Hex: ', hexCode)
    print('RGB: ', rgbValues)
    print('CMYK: ', cmykValues)
    print('HSL: ', hslValues)
    print('HSV: ', hsvValues)

def handleCMYK(color, outputFormats = TYPES) :
    cmykValues = validateCMYorCMYK(color, True) 
    if cmykValues is None :
        return

    print('convert CMYK: ', cmykValues, '\n')

    rgbValues = CMYKtoRGB(cmykValues)
    hexCode = RGBtoHEX(rgbValues)
    cmyValues = RGBtoCMY(rgbValues)
    hslValues = RGBtoHSVorHSL(rgbValues, 'hsl')
    hsvValues = RGBtoHSVorHSL(rgbValues, 'hsv')

    print('Hex: ', hexCode)
    print('RGB: ', rgbValues)
    print('CMY: ', cmyValues)
    print('HSL: ', hslValues)
    print('HSV: ', hsvValues)

# isHSL determines whether the function should handle HSL or HSV
def handleHSVorHSL(color, handle, outputFormats = TYPES) :
    validated = validateHSLorHSV(color)
    if validated is None :
        return
    
    rgbValues = HSLorHSVToRGB(validated, handle)
    hexCode = RGBtoHEX(rgbValues)
    cmyValues = RGBtoCMY(rgbValues)
    cmykValues = RGBtoCMYK(rgbValues)
    if handle == 'hsl' :
        hsvValues = RGBtoHSVorHSL(rgbValues, 'hsv')   
    else : # is HSV
        hslValues = RGBtoHSVorHSL(rgbValues, 'hsl')

    print('Hex: ', hexCode)
    print('RGB: ', rgbValues)
    print('CMY: ', cmyValues)
    print('CMYK: ', cmykValues)
    if handle == 'hsl' :
        print('HSV: ', hsvValues)
    else :
        print('HSL: ', hslValues)




##
#  CONVERSION FUNCTIONS
##

# Takes in a string, returns a list of 3 integers
def HEXtoRGB(hexCode) :
    rgbValues = []

    tempSum = 0
    i = 0
    while i < 6 :
        tempSum += int(hexCode[i], 16) * 16
        tempSum += int(hexCode[i+1], 16)
        rgbValues.append(tempSum)
        i = i + 2
        tempSum = 0
    
    return rgbValues

# Takes in a list of 3 integers, returns a string
def RGBtoHEX(rgbValues) :
    hexValue = ''

    for rgbValue in rgbValues :
        hexValue += hex(rgbValue / 16) 
        hexValue += hex(rgbValue % 16)
    
    return hexValue

# Takes in a list of 3 integers, returns a list of 3 floats (percentages)
def RGBtoCMY(rgbValues) :
    # Normalize RGB values
    normalRed   = rgbValues[0] / 255
    normalGreen = rgbValues[1] / 255
    normalBlue  = rgbValues[2] / 255

    # Convert
    cyan    = 1 - normalRed 
    magenta = 1 - normalGreen
    yellow  = 1 - normalBlue 

    return [cyan * 100, magenta * 100, yellow * 100]

# Takes in a list of 3 integers, returns a list of 4 floats (percentages)
def RGBtoCMYK(rgbValues) :
    # Normalize RGB values
    normalRed   = rgbValues[0] / 255
    normalGreen = rgbValues[1] / 255
    normalBlue  = rgbValues[2] / 255

    black   = 1 - max(normalRed, normalGreen, normalBlue)
    x       = 1 - black
    
    # Convert
    if x == 0 :
        return [0, 0, 0, round(black * 100, 2)]    
    else :
        cyan    = (1 - normalRed - black)   / x
        magenta = (1 - normalGreen - black) / x
        yellow  = (1 - normalBlue - black)  / x
    
    return [cyan * 100, magenta * 100, yellow * 100, black * 100]

# Takes in a list of 3 integers, returns a list of 1 integer and 2 floats (percentages)
def RGBtoHSVorHSL(rgbValues, convertTo) :
    hue = 0
    saturation = 0.0
    value = 0.0
    lightness = 0.0

    # Normalize RGB values
    normalRed   = rgbValues[0] / 255
    normalGreen = rgbValues[1] / 255
    normalBlue  = rgbValues[2] / 255

    # Establish variables for formula
    xMax = max(normalRed, normalGreen, normalBlue)
    xMin = min(normalRed, normalGreen, normalBlue)
    chroma = xMax - xMin
    
    # Convert by following formula

    value = xMax
    lightness = (xMax + xMin) / 2

    if chroma == 0 :
        hue = 0
    elif value == normalRed :
        hue = 60 * (((normalGreen - normalBlue) / chroma) % 6 )
    elif value == normalGreen :
        hue = 60 * (((normalBlue - normalRed) / chroma) + 2)
    elif value == normalBlue :
        hue = 60 * (((normalRed - normalGreen) / chroma) + 4)

    if convertTo == 'hsl' :
        if (lightness != 0) and (lightness != 1) :
            saturation = (value - lightness) / min(lightness, 1 - lightness) 
        return [int(hue), saturation * 100, lightness * 100]
    else : # convert to HSV
        if value != 0 :
            saturation = chroma / value
        return [int(hue), saturation * 100, value * 100]


# Takes in a list of 3 floats, returns a list of 3 integers
def CMYtoRGB(cmyValues) :
    red     = (1 - (cmyValues[0] / 100)) * 255
    green   = (1 - (cmyValues[1] / 100)) * 255
    blue    = (1 - (cmyValues[2] / 100)) * 255
    
    return [smartRound(red), smartRound(green), smartRound(blue)]

# Takes in a list of 4 floats, returns a list of 3 integers
def CMYKtoRGB(cmykValues) :
    x       = 1 - (cmykValues[3] / 100)
    red     = 255 * (1 - (cmykValues[0] / 100)) * x
    green   = 255 * (1 - (cmykValues[1] / 100)) * x
    blue    = 255 * (1 - (cmykValues[2] / 100)) * x
    
    return [smartRound(red), smartRound(green), smartRound(blue)]

# Takes in a list with 1 integer and 2 floats (in that order), and returns 3 integers
def HSLorHSVToRGB(values, convertFrom) :
    normalSaturation = values[1] / 100
    normalLorV= values[2] / 100

    # Perform first part of conversion
    if convertFrom == 'hsl' :
        chroma = (1 - math.fabs((2 * normalLorV) - 1)) * normalSaturation
        m = normalLorV - (chroma / 2)
    else : # is HSV
        chroma = normalLorV * normalSaturation
        m = normalLorV - chroma
    
    hPrime = values[0] / 60
    temp = (hPrime % 2) - 1
    x = chroma * (1 - math.fabs(temp))
    
    if (hPrime >= 0) and (hPrime < 1) :
        R = chroma + m
        G = x + m
        B = 0 + m
        return [smartRound(R * 255), smartRound(G * 255), smartRound(B * 255)]
    elif (hPrime >= 1) and (hPrime < 2) :
        R = x + m
        G = chroma + m
        B = 0 + m
        return [smartRound(R * 255), smartRound(G * 255), smartRound(B * 255)]
    elif (hPrime >= 2) and (hPrime < 3) :
        R = 0 + m
        G = chroma + m
        B = x + m
        return [smartRound(R * 255), smartRound(G * 255), smartRound(B * 255)]
    elif (hPrime >= 3) and (hPrime < 4) :
        R = 0 + m
        G = x + m
        B = chroma + m
        return [smartRound(R * 255), smartRound(G * 255), smartRound(B * 255)]
    elif (hPrime >= 4) and (hPrime < 5) :
        R = x + m
        G = 0 + m
        B = chroma + m
        return [smartRound(R * 255), smartRound(G * 255), smartRound(B * 255)]
    elif (hPrime >= 5) and (hPrime <= 6) :
        R = chrome + m
        G = 0 + m
        B = x + m
        return [smartRound(R * 255), smartRound(G * 255), smartRound(B * 255)]
    else :
        print('RGB to HSV/HSL conversion failed')
        return

##
# INPUT VALIDATION 
##

def detectColorFormat(color, outputFormats) :
    if '#' in color :
        handleHex(color, outputFormats)
        return True
    elif 'rgb' in color :
        handleRGB(color, outputFormats)
        return True
    elif 'cmyk' in color :
        handleCMYK(color, outputFormats)
        return True
    elif 'cmy' in color :
        handleCMY(color, outputFormats)
        return True
    elif color.strip().startswith('hsl') :
        handleHSVorHSL(color, 'hsl', outputFormats)
        return True
    elif color.strip().startswith('hsv') :
        handleHSVorHSL(color, 'hsv', outputFormats)
        return True
    else :
        return False


# Extracts numerical values from a string. 
# Parameters:
# color: string containing value(s)
# numValues: determines how many values to extract (e.g. 3 for RGB, 4 for CMYK)
# isHex: determines if we're looking for hex rather than decimal

# returns: list of extracted color/number values in string form
def extractValues(color, numValues, isHex = False) :
    print(color)
    i = 0
    tempValue = ''
    extractedValues = []

    if isHex :
        # search for hex values
        while i < len(color) :
            if (color[i].isnumeric()) or (color[i] in HEX_LETTERS) :
                tempValue += color[i]
            else :
                tempValue = ''
            if len(tempValue) == 6 :
                extractedValues.append(tempValue)
                tempValue = ''
            if len(extractedValues) == numValues :
                break
            i = i + 1

        if (len(extractedValues) != numValues) and (len(tempValue) == 6) :
            extractedValues.append(tempValue)

    else :
        # search for decimal values
        while i < len(color) :
            if color[i].isnumeric() or color[i] == '.' :
                tempValue += color[i]
            elif len(tempValue) > 0 :
                extractedValues.append(tempValue)
                tempValue = ''
            if len(extractedValues) == numValues :
                break
            i = i + 1

        if (len(extractedValues) != numValues) and (len(tempValue) > 0) :
            extractedValues.append(tempValue)

    if len(extractedValues) != numValues :
        print(f'Could not extract the correct number of values from input: {color}. numValues requested: {numValues}, isHex: {isHex}, Values successfully extracted: {len(extractedValues)}, {extractedValues}')
        return False

    return extractedValues



# Takes in a string. 
# If string contains a valid Hex color code, it gets returned as a string.
def validateHex(value) :
    # attempt to extract hex code
    hexcode = extractValues(value, 1, True)[0]

    if hexcode is None :
        print('ERROR: Improper format for hex code (see --help)')
        return 

    return hexcode 

# Takes in a string. Returns same list as integers if valid RGB values. 
def validateRGB(color) :
    # extract 3 numbers from the provided values
    rgbValues = extractValues(color, 3)

    if rgbValues is None: 
        return

    intValues = []
    for value in rgbValues :
        # TODO see if i should smartround here instead of int cast
        value = int(value)
        if (value < 0) or (value > 255) :
            print('ERROR: Each RBG value must be between 0-255')
            return 
        intValues.append(value)
    
    return intValues

# Takes in a list of 3 or 4 strings. Returns same list as integers if valid CMYK values.
def validateCMYorCMYK(color, include_K) :
    if include_K :
        values = extractValues(color, 4)
    else :
        values = extractValues(color, 3)
    if values is None :
        return

    floatValues = []
    for value in values :
        value = float(value)
        if (value < 0) or (value > 100) :
            print('ERROR: Each CMY(K) value must be between 0,0-100.0(%)')
            return
        floatValues.append(value)
    
    return floatValues

# Takes in a list of 3 strings. Returns same list as 1 integer and 2 floats
def validateHSLorHSV(color) :
    color = extractValues(color, 3)
    if color is None :
        return

    for i in range(3) :
        if i == 0 :
            color[i] = smartRound(color[i])
        else :
            color[i] = float(color[i])

    if (color[0] < 0) or (color[0] > 255) :
        print('ERROR: Invalid hue value (should be 0-255)')
        return
    if (color[1] < 0) or (color[1] > 100) :
        print('ERROR: Invalid saturation value (should be 0.0-100.0)')
        return
    if (color[2] < 0) or (color[2] > 100) :
        print('ERROR: Invalid lightness/value value (should be 0.0-100.0)')
        return

    return [color[0], color[1], color[2]]

# Takes in the program's arguments generated by argparse. Returns True if valid arguments
def validateArguments(args) :
    # check that only one input flag is being used
    '''flagsActive = 0
    for flag in range(len(vars(args))-1) :
        # this uses our TYPES list to key into the args dictionary and determine how many flags are True
        if vars(args)[TYPES[flag]] :
            flagsActive += 1
        if flagsActive > 1 :
            print('ERROR: Currently this tool only supports one input type at a time. Too many flags!')
            return False'''

#    if (flagsActive == 0) or (len(args.color) == 0) :
    if (len(args.color) == 0) :
        print('ERROR: Must enter both an input flag and color code (did you forget to wrap color code in quotes?)\nFor more info, use the \'-h\' or \'--help\' flag.')
        return False
    
    return True





##
# GENERAL UTILITIES
##

# Takes in a float, returns the nearest integer
def smartRound(value) :
    value = float(value)
    if (value % 1) > .50 :
        return math.ceil(value)
    else :
        return math.floor(value)

# Takes in a decimal number and converts it to hexadecimal
def hex(number) :
    number = int(number)
    if number > 16 :
        print("ERROR: Decimal to Hexidecimal conversion failed")
        return "ERROR: Decimal to Hexidecimal conversion failed" 
    if number < 10 :
        return str(number)
    return HEX_LETTERS[number % 10]

# init
if __name__ == '__main__' :
    main()